Psychometric Properties of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21-item (DASS-21) Malay Version among a Big Sample Population

Ramli Musa, Ruhaila Maskat

Abstract


Establishing the psychometric properties of a measurement tool is paramount in order to determine the validity of any study results. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21 has preliminary evidence of a good tool in Malaysia. This study among a very big sample size would further strengthen this evidence. Objectives: To validate the DASS-21 Malay version among 367, 860 completed online assessment by looking at its Exploratory Factor Analysis and Construct validity. Methodology: The data was captured through online web-based assessment. Incomplete entries were excluded and analysis was based on 367, 860 completed entries which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We obtained Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.95, 0.85 and 0.87 respectively for Depression, Anxiety and Stress domains. Rotated component analysis showed very good factor loading for most items to their respective domains. The non-fixed analysis showed the Malay DASS-21 consisted of 2 domains and Stress items loaded equally to Depression and Anxiety domains. The current findings further enhanced the evidence that (DASS)-21 is an excellent tool for Malaysians.


Keywords


Malaysians; DASS-21; Reliability; Psychometric values; Validation.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. J Psychological assessment, 10(2), 176. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.176

Arnau-Soler, A., Adams, M. J., Clarke, T.-K., MacIntyre, D. J., Milburn, K., Navrady, L., . . . Thomson, P. A. (2019). A validation of the diathesis-stress model for depression in Generation Scotland. J Translational Psychiatry, 9(1), 25. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-018-0356-7

Azma, N. B., Rusli, B., Quek, K., Noah, R., & Health, P. (2014). Psychometric properties of the Malay version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (M-DASS21) among nurses in public hospitals in the Klang Valley. J International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine, 6(5), 109.

Edimansyah, B., Rusli, B., & Naing, L. (2007). Reliability and construct validity of the Malay version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in automotive assembly workers in Malaysia. J Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 7(1), 25-30.

Hwok-Aun, L., & Leng, K. Y. (2018). Counting Migrant Workers in Malaysia: A Needlessly Persisting Conundrum.

Leng, K. S., Samsurijan, M. S., Gopal, P. S., Malek, N. M., & Hamat, Z. J. K. M. (2018). Urban Poverty Alleviation Strategies From Multi-Dimensional And Multi-Ethnic Perspectives: Evidences From Malaysia. 36(2), 43-68. Doi: https://doi.org/10.21315/km2018.36.2.3

Lovibond, P. F., Lovibond, S. H., & therapy. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. J Behaviour Research, 33(3), 335-343. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U

Majid, H. S. A., Hamid, H. S. A., Alwi, A., & Sulaiman, M. K. (2019). Psychometric Properties of the English Version of DASS in a Sample of Malaysian Nurses. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 33(1).

Mukhtar, F., Oei, T. P., & treatment. (2011). A review on assessment and treatment for depression in Malaysia. J Depression research, 2011. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/123642

Musa, R., Fadzil, M. A., & Zain, Z. (2007). Translation, validation and psychometric properties of Bahasa Malaysia version of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS). ASEAN J Psychiatr, 8(2), 82-89.

Musa, R., Ramli, R., Abdullah, K., & Sarkarsi, R. (2011). Concurrent validity of the depression and anxiety components in the Bahasa Malaysia version of the Depression Anxiety and Stress scales (DASS). ASEAN J Psychiaty.230, 93.95.

Nadia, M., Brian, K., & Chee, H. (2004). A Test of Validation for the Malay Version of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales 21 (DASS21) in the Psychiatric Clinic. J Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 12(2), 44-50.

Nieuwenhuijsen, K., De Boer, A., Verbeek, J., Blonk, R., Van Dijk, F. J. O., & Medicine, E. (2003). The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS): detecting anxiety disorder and depression in employees absent from work because of mental health problems. 60(suppl 1), i77-i82. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.60.suppl_1.i77

Nordin, R. B., Kaur, A., Soni, T., Por, L. K., & Miranda, S. (2017). Construct validity and internal consistency reliability of the Malay version of the 21-item depression anxiety stress scale (Malay-DASS-21) among male outpatient clinic attendees in Johor. J Med J Malaysia, 72(5), 265.

Parkitny, L., & McAuley, J. (2010). The depression anxiety stress scale (DASS). Journal of Physiotherapy, 56(3), 204. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(10)70030-8

Pezirkianidis, C., Karakasidou, E., Lakioti, A., Stalikas, A., & Galanakis, M. J. P. (2018). Psychometric properties of the depression, anxiety, stress scales-21 (DASS-21) in a Greek sample. 9(15), 2933-2950. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2018.915170

Ramli, M., Rosnani, S., & AR, A. F. (2012). Psychometric Profile of Malaysian Version of the Depressive, Anxiety and Stress Scale 42-item (DASS-42). Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 21(1).

Ramli, M., & Salmiah, M. (2009). Validation and Psychometric Properties of Bahasa Malaysia version of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) among Diabetic Patients. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 18(2).

Szabó, M. (2010). The short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): Factor structure in a young adolescent sample. J Journal of adolescence, 33(1), 1-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.05.014

Tran, T. D., Tran, T., & Fisher, J. J. B. p. (2013). Validation of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS) 21 as a screening instrument for depression and anxiety in a rural community-based cohort of northern Vietnamese women. 13(1), 24. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-13-24

Van Prooijen, J.-W., & Van Der Kloot, W. A. (2001). Confirmatory analysis of exploratively obtained factor structures. J Educational Psychological Measurement, 61(5), 777-792. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/00131640121971518

Xavier, S., Bento, E., Azevedo, J., Marques, M., Soares, M., Freitas, V., . . . Pereira, A. J. E. P. (2016). Validation of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale–DASS-21 in a community sample of Portuguese pregnant women. 33, S283. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.600

%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;

mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-MY;mso-fareast-language:

EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'>




DOI: https://doi.org/10.6092/2282-1619/mjcp-2269

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.